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Vitamin A: Vitamin A is a group of unsaturated nutritional organic compounds that includes retinol, retinal, retinoic acid, and several provitamin A carotenoids(most notably beta-carotene). Vitamin A has multiple functions: it is important for growth and development, for the maintenance of the immune system and good vision. Vitamin A also functions in a very different role as retinoic acid (an irreversibly oxidized form of retinol), which is an important hormone-like growth factor for epithelial and other cells.

Topical and oral retinoids are common prescription treatments for acne and other skin conditions, including wrinkles.

Vitamin C:  Used for increasing immunity, preventing wrinkles, lowering high blood pressure, improving physical performance and strength, and reducing fatigue and stress.

Vitamin D:  Vitamin D is essential for strong bones because it helps the body utilize calcium from the diet or supplementations . But increasingly, research is revealing the importance of vitamin D in protecting against a host of health problems. Vitamin-D may be one of the best vitamins of all for your body. It affects cell death and proliferation, insulin production, and even the immune system. That means almost everything your body does relies on it.

Vitamin E:  Fat-soluble vitamin with antioxidant properties. It helps to reduce the toxic effects of excessive estrogen. And it's required for the synthesis of hormones. 

Vitamin B-1: Anti-stress vitamin, strengthen the immune system, needed for energy metabolism and proper function of the nervous system. Thiamin (vitamin B1) helps the body's cells change carbohydrates into energy. The main role of carbohydrates is to provide energy for the body, especially the brain and the nervous system.

Vitamin B-2: Benefits are increasing energy levels, boosting immune system function, maintaining healthy hair, skin, mucous membranes, and nails, slowing aging, boosting athletic performance and promoting healthy reproductive function. 

Vitamin B-3: Niacin is a necessary part of the cycle in which the body breaks down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins and converts them into energy. Niacin also plays a role in the production of certain hormones in the adrenal glands and in helping the liver remove harmful chemicals from the body. Niacin is also needed for proper digestion, used in hormone synthesis, and decrease cholesterol.

Vitamin B-6: The active form pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) (depicted) serves as a cofactor in many enzyme reactions mainly in amino acid metabolism including biosynthesis of neurotransmitters.

Some people use pyridoxine for boosting the immune system, eye infections, bladder infections, and preventing cancer and kidney stones.

Pyridoxine is also used for Alzheimer's disease, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Down syndrome, autism, diabetes and related nerve pain, sickle cell anemia, migraine headaches, asthma, carpal tunnel syndrome, night leg cramps, muscle cramps, arthritis, allergies, acne and various other skin conditions, and infertility. It is also used for dizziness, motion sickness, preventing the eye disease age-related macular degeneration (AMD), seizures, convulsions due to fever, and movement disorders (tardive dyskinesia, hyperkinesias, chorea), as well as for increasing appetite and helping people remember dreams.

Folic Acid: Folic acid is involved in every bodily function that requires cell division. Folic acid works in conjunction with Vitamin B12 and Vitamin C to help the body digest and use proteins. Taking a folic acid supplement will ensure that protein is metabolized properly, which will help your body maintain a stable insulin level. Keeping a consistent insulin level means that your body will immediately burn the fat it gets from the foods you eat instead of storing it.

Vitamin b-12: The B-complex vitamins B-1 (thiamin), B-3 (niacin), B-6 AND B-12 are all required for the maintenance of a healthy sex drive. They help to increase energy, improve blood flow and circulation, plus they participate in the synthesis of sex hormones.  

Biotin:  Biotin is a coenzyme and a B vitamin. It is also known as vitamin H. As a supplement, biotin is sometimes used for diabetes, brittle nails, and other conditions. Biotin plays a key role in the body. It supports the health of the skin, nerves, digestive tract, metabolism, and cells.

Pantothenic acid:  Pantothenic acid is a vitamin, also known as vitamin B5. Pantothenic acid is frequently used in combination with other B vitamins in vitamin B complex formulations. People take pantothenic acid for treating dietary deficiencies, acne, alcoholism, allergies, baldness, asthma, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), , gray hair. Pantothenic acid is important for our bodies to properly use carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids and for healthy skin.

Magnesium:  Magnesium is a mineral that's crucial to the body's function. Magnesium helps keep blood pressure normal, bones strong, and the heart rhythm steady.

Zinc: Zinc is a metal. It is called an “essential trace element” because very small amounts of zinc are necessary for human health.

Zinc is needed for the proper growth and maintenance of the human body. It is found in several systems and biological reactions, and it is needed for immune function, wound healing, blood clotting, thyroid function, and much more. Meats, seafood, dairy products, nuts, legumes, and whole grains offer relatively high levels of zinc.

Calcium: Calcium helps your body build strong bones, send and receive nerve signals, squeeze and relax muscles, keeping normal heartbeat, and releasing hormones.

Iodine:  Iodine is a chemical element. The body needs iodine but cannot make it. The needed iodine must come from the diet. As a rule, there is very little iodine in food, unless it has been added during processing, which is now the case with salt. 

Selenium: Selenium is a mineral found in the soil. Selenium naturally appears in water and some foods. While people only need a very small amount, selenium plays a key role in the metabolism.

Among healthy people in the U.S., selenium deficiencies are uncommon. But some health conditions -- such as HIV, Crohn's disease, and others -- are associated with low selenium levels. People who are fed intravenously are also at risk for low selenium. Doctors sometimes suggest that people with these conditions use selenium supplements.

Selenium has attracted attention because of its antioxidant properties. Antioxidants protect cells from damage. Evidence that selenium supplements may reduce the odds of prostate cancer has been mixed, but most studies suggest there is no real benefit. Selenium does not seem to affect the risk of colorectal or lung cancer. But beware: selenium also seems to increase the risk of non- melanoma skin cancer.

Copper: Copper is a mineral. It is found in many foods, particularly in organ meats, seafood, nuts, seeds, wheat bran cereals, grain products, and cocoa products. The body stores copper mostly in the bones and muscles. The liver regulates the amount of copper that is in the blood. Copper is used as medicine.

Copper is also used for improving wound healing, and treating osteoarthritis and brittle bones (osteoporosis).

Copper is used for treating copper deficiency and the anemia it may cause. Having too little copper (copper deficiency) is rare. It sometimes occurs in people who get too much zinc from diet or supplements, have intestinal bypass surgery, or are fed by feeding tubes. Malnourished infants can also have copper deficiency.

Manganese:  Manganese is a mineral that is found in several foods including nuts, legumes, seeds, tea, whole grains, and leafy green vegetables. It is considered an essential nutrient, because the body requires it to function properly.

Manganese is used for prevention and treatment of manganese deficiency, a condition in which the body doesn’t have enough manganese.

Manganese is an essential nutrient involved in many chemical processes in the body, including processing of cholesterol, carbohydrates, and protein. It might also be involved in bone formation.

Saw Palmetto Berry Extract: The berries were a staple food and medicine for the Native Americans of the southeastern United States. In the early 1900s, men used the berries to treat urinary tract problems, and even to increase sperm production and boost libido.

Several studies suggest that the herb is effective for treating symptoms, including too frequent urination, having trouble starting or maintaining urination, and needing to urinate during the night.

Researchers think that saw palmetto may affect the level of testosterone in the body, and perhaps reduce the amount of an enzyme that promotes the growth of prostate cells. Saw palmetto also seems to have an anti-inflammatory effect on the prostate. At least one study has shown even greater anti-inflammatory activity when saw palmetto is combined with Lycopene and selenium.

Some studies show that saw palmetto is as effective in treating symptoms as finasteride (Proscar) without side effects, such as loss of libido.

Plant Phytosterlos:  Beta-sitosterol appears to affect the activity of the enzyme 5-alpha-reductase, which in turn may inhibit the production of dihydrotestosterone, which in turn helps promote proper prostate size and urinary tract health.

Stinging Nettle Root Extract:  Stinging nettle root is used widely in Europe to treat BPH. Studies in people suggest that stinging nettle, in combination with other herbs (especially saw palmetto), may be effective at relieving symptoms such as reduced urinary flow, incomplete emptying of the bladder, post urination dripping, and the constant urge to urinate. These symptoms are caused by the enlarged prostate gland pressing on the urethra (the tube that empties urine from the bladder). Some studies suggest that stinging nettle is comparable to finasteride (a medication commonly prescribed for BPH) in slowing the growth of certain prostate cells. However, unlike finasteride, the herb does not decrease prostate size. Scientists aren't sure why nettle root reduces symptoms. It may be because it contains chemicals that affect hormones (including testosterone and estrogen), or because it acts directly on prostate cells. It is important to work with a doctor to treat BPH, and to make sure you have a proper diagnosis to rule out prostate cancer.

Collagen Hydrolysate:  Collagen is the main structural protein in the extra cellular space in the various connective tissues in animal bodies. Hydrolyzed Collagen is unique in its amino acid structure because of its high amounts of Glycine, lysine and Proline, which are found in lower amounts in other protein food supplements. These particular amino acids are found to generate cell growth much quicker . Collagen, in the form of elongated fibrils, is mostly found in fibrous tissues such as tendons, ligaments and skin.

It is also abundant in corneas, cartilage, bones, blood vessels, the gut, intervertebral discs and the dentin in teeth. Hydrolyzed Collagen is the missing link in supplying amino acids like Glycine, Proline and lysine that are required by the body to build connective tissue to regulate cell growth. It will benefit hair, skin tissue, muscle, cartilage, ligaments and blood cell growth.  In muscle tissue, it serves as a major component of the endomysium. Collagen constitutes one to two percent of muscle tissue, and accounts for 6% of the weight of  strong, tendinous muscles.  Collagen also has many medical uses in treating complications of the bones, hair and skin.

Pygeum Bark extract: Pygeum or African plum extract (Pygeum africanum) Pygeum has been used historically for urinary problems. In several scientific studies, Pygeum relieved BPH symptoms including nocturia (increased urination at night) and improved urine flow. Also NBBS is one of the active compounds of Pygeum africanum bark and may serve as a naturally occurring, novel therapeutic agent for treatment of prostatic diseases.

 

Quercetin: Quercetin is a plant pigment (flavonoid). It is found in many plants and foods, such as red wine, onions, green tea, apples, berries, Ginkgo biloba, St. John's wort, American elder, and others.

Quercetin is used for treating conditions of the heart and blood vessels including “hardening of the arteries” (atherosclerosis), high cholesterol, heart disease, and circulation problems and for treating chronic infections of the prostate.

Quercetin has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects which might help reduce prostate inflammation.

 

Pumpkin Seed Powder: Pumpkin seed oil has an intense nutty taste and is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Browned oil has a bitter taste. Pumpkin seed oil serves as a salad dressing when combined with honey or olive oil. The typical Styrian dressing consists of pumpkin seed oil and cider vinegar. The oil is also used for desserts, giving ordinary vanilla ice cream a nutty taste. It is considered a real delicacy in Austria and Slovenia, and few drops are added to pumpkin soup and other local dishes. Using it as a cooking oil, however, destroys its essential fatty acids

There are claims from natural medicine and phytotherapy of usefulness of the oil in the prevention and treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Pumpkin seed oil has been used in combination with saw palmetto in two double blind human studies to effectively reduce symptoms of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). Researchers have suggested that the zinc, free fatty acid, or plant sterol content of pumpkin seeds might account for their benefit in men with BPH. Studies have shown that pumpkin seed extracts can improve the function of the bladder and urethra, this might partially account for BPH symptom relief.

 

Green Tea Leaf Extract:  Green tea is made from the Camellia Sinensis plant. The useful parts of green tea are the leaf bud, leaf, and stem. Green tea is not fermented and is produced by steaming fresh leaves at high temperatures. During this process, it is able to maintain important molecules called polyphenols, which seem to be responsible for many of the benefits of green tea.

Polyphenols might be able to prevent inflammation and swelling, protect cartilage between the bones, and lessen joint degeneration. They also seem to be able to fight human papilloma virus (HPV) infections and reduce the growth of abnormal cells in the cervix (cervical dysplasia). Research cannot yet explain how this works.

Green tea contains 2% to 4% caffeine, which affects thinking and alertness, increases urine output, and may improve the function of brain messengers important in Parkinson's disease. Caffeine is thought to stimulate the nervous system, heart, and muscles by increasing the release of certain chemicals in the brain called "neurotransmitters."

Antioxidants and other substances in green tea might help protect the heart and blood vessels.